{"id":4387,"date":"2021-12-29T14:44:15","date_gmt":"2021-12-29T08:14:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iatmm.com\/?p=4387"},"modified":"2021-12-29T14:56:02","modified_gmt":"2021-12-29T08:26:02","slug":"2-4-creating-moving-and-deleting-files-creating-directories-and-files","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iat.edu.mm\/2-4-creating-moving-and-deleting-files-creating-directories-and-files\/","title":{"rendered":"2.4 Creating, Moving and Deleting Files: Creating Directories and Files"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Creating Directories<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

            mkdir Command<\/span><\/em> \u1000\u102d\u102f Directories \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1016\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1038\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u102b\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            home Directory \u1019\u103e\u102c Directory \u1021\u101e\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f \u1016\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1038\u1000\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1015\u102b\u1005\u102d\u102f\u1037\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

            \u1012\u102e\u101e\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1011\u1032\u1019\u103e\u102c \u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101e\u1019\u103b\u103e Commands \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1021\u102c\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f Home Directory (\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037) \u101e\u1030\u1037\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1000 Directories \u1021\u1001\u103d\u1032\u1010\u103d\u1031 (Subdirectories) \u1019\u103e\u102c Run \u1015\u103c\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            File System \u1011\u1032\u1000 \u1019\u100a\u103a\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101b\u102c\u1019\u103e\u1019\u1006\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102c Directory \u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u103d\u101a\u103a\u101c\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1012\u102e\u101c\u102d\u102f Command \u101c\u1031\u1038 \u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101b\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

            Shell \u101f\u102c Tilde Character (~) <\/span><\/em>\u1000\u102d\u102f Home Directory<\/span><\/em> \u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a \u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u101a\u1030\u1010\u102c\u1015\u102b\u104b Lesson Directory \u1011\u1032\u1019\u103e\u102c \u101c\u1031\u1037\u1000\u103b\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1001\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1011\u1015\u103a Directories \u1010\u103d\u1031 \u1011\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1019\u101a\u103a\u104b mkdir Command \u1019\u103e\u102c Spaces \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 Directories \u1021\u101e\u1005\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u101b\u1032\u1037 \u1021\u1019\u100a\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

            creating, moving, globs \u1005\u1010\u1032\u1037 Directories \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1015\u1032 \u1006\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 Error Message \u1015\u103c\u1014\u1031\u1010\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1019\u102d\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1015\u102b\u104b copying \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a deleting Directories \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000 \u1021\u1001\u102f\u1011\u102d\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u1018\u1030\u1038\u104b mkdir Command \u101f\u102c \u1015\u1004\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101a\u103a\u1019\u1030\u101c Default \u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u1038\u1010\u1032\u1037 Directory \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c Directory \u1021\u101e\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1016\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1038\u1001\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1018\u1030\u1038\u104b -p<\/span><\/em> (\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037) –parents<\/span> <\/em>Option \u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 Parent Directories \u1010\u103d\u1031 \u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101c\u103b\u1004\u103a \u1010\u1015\u102b\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b mkdir Command<\/span><\/em> \u1019\u103e\u102c -p Option<\/span><\/em> \u1010\u103d\u1032\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1021\u1001\u102f\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

            \u1012\u102e\u1010\u1001\u102b\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 Error Messages \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1019\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u101b\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1015\u102b\u1018\u1030\u1038\u104b \u1018\u101a\u103a Directories \u1010\u103d\u1031\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u1031\u1015\u103c\u102e\u101c\u1032\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u102c \u1000\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1015\u102b\u1005\u102d\u102f\u1037\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

            find<\/span><\/em> Program \u1000\u102d\u102f Files \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a Directories \u1010\u103d\u1031 \u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u101b\u102c\u1019\u103e\u102c \u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101c\u1031\u1037\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u1031\u1019\u101a\u1037\u103a Options \u1010\u103d\u1031 \u1019\u1015\u102b\u1018\u1032\u1006\u102d\u102f\u101c\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u101c\u1000\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1010\u1032\u1037 Directory \u1019\u103e\u102c\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1010\u1032\u1037 Files, Directories \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a Subdirectories \u1010\u103d\u1031 \u1021\u102c\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u103c\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tip: ls Command<\/strong> \u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 Directory Contents List \u1000\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1019\u103e\u102c -t<\/strong> \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a -r<\/strong> Options \u1010\u103d\u1031\u101f\u102c \u1021\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u1031\u1038 \u1021\u1011\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1000\u1030\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u101b\u1021\u1005\u102e\u1021\u1005\u1025\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a \u1000\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u101c\u103b\u1004\u103a -t (Time)<\/strong> \u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1005\u102e\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1015\u102b\u1000 -r (Reverse)<\/strong> \u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1005\u102e\u101c\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1021\u101e\u1005\u103a\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038 (\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103b\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038 \u101c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u101c\u1031\u102c \u1016\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1010\u1032\u1037) \u1016\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000 \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1014\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Creating Files<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101c\u1000\u103a Data \u1010\u103d\u1031\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1016\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1015\u102b\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1018\u102c\u1019\u103e\u1019\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u1038\u1018\u1032 Empty File<\/span><\/em> \u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a touch Command<\/span><\/em> \u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1016\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u102c\u1038\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a touch Command \u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 Run \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 File Content \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1018\u1032 File Modification Timestamp \u1015\u1032 \u1021\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u101c\u1032\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 Updated Timestamp \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Globbing <\/span><\/em>\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1015\u103c\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u1016\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1015\u102b\u1019\u101a\u103a\u1014\u1031\u102c\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

            globs Directory \u1011\u1032\u1019\u103e \u1016\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1000\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1015\u102b\u1005\u102d\u102f\u1037\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

            touch Command<\/span><\/em> \u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1016\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1016\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1038\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1019\u102d\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1015\u102b\u104b Text File Content \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f cat Command<\/span><\/em> \u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u1001\u102f\u101c\u1031\u1038\u1015\u1032 \u1016\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u1016\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1011\u1032\u1000 \u1010\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1015\u102b\u1005\u102d\u102f\u1037\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 touch Command \u101f\u102c Empty Files \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1016\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1016\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1011\u1032\u1000 Content \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1032\u1037\u1021\u1001\u102b \u1018\u102c\u1019\u103e\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u101b\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1018\u1030\u1038\u104b Simple Text Files \u101c\u1031\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1031 \u1016\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1038\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037 echo Command <\/span><\/em>\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a > (Output Redirection) Operator<\/span><\/em> \u101c\u1031\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1032\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1015\u102b\u1019\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

            echo Command \u101f\u102c Command Line \u1019\u103e\u102c\u1015\u1032 Text \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1015\u103c\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1015\u102b\u104b > Character \u101f\u102c Command \u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u101b\u1032\u1037 Output \u1000\u102d\u102f Terminal \u1019\u103e\u102c \u1015\u103c\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1019\u101a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038 \u1016\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1011\u1032\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1015\u102b\u104b echo Command \u101b\u1032\u1037 Output \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1032\u1037 hello \u1000\u102d\u102f question15 \u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1032\u1037 file \u1011\u1032\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u1031\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1015\u102b\u104b echo \u1019\u103e \u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1018\u1032 \u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1019\u100a\u103a\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a Command \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1019\u1006\u102d\u102f \u1010\u103d\u1032\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Warning: >!<\/strong> \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b\u104b \u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u102c\u1038\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1011\u1032\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1021\u1001\u102f\u101c\u102d\u102f (>!<\/strong>) \u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1019\u102d\u101c\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u1019\u1030\u101c\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u1031\u1010\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 Overwrite<\/strong> \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/code><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Creating Directories             mkdir Command \u1000\u102d\u102f Directories \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1016\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1038\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u102b\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b             home Directory \u1019\u103e\u102c Directory \u1021\u101e\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f \u1016\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1038\u1000\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1015\u102b\u1005\u102d\u102f\u1037\u104b             \u1012\u102e\u101e\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1011\u1032\u1019\u103e\u102c \u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101e\u1019\u103b\u103e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":4404,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[64,18,65],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4387","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-iat-courses","category-knowledge-sharing","category-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iat.edu.mm\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4387","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iat.edu.mm\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iat.edu.mm\/api\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iat.edu.mm\/api\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iat.edu.mm\/api\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4387"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/iat.edu.mm\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4387\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4407,"href":"https:\/\/iat.edu.mm\/api\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4387\/revisions\/4407"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iat.edu.mm\/api\/wp\/v2\/media\/4404"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iat.edu.mm\/api\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4387"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iat.edu.mm\/api\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4387"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iat.edu.mm\/api\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4387"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}